Мы придумываем правила на ходу: импровизация как неотъемлемый аспект человеческой деятельности
Журнал «KANT: Social Sciences & Humanities Series» №2(10) 2022 [стр. 4-29]
DOI: 10.24923/2305-8757.2022-10.1
Ключевые слова: импровизация; рациональность; нормативность; привычка; свобода; алгоритм; непредвиденный; пластичность; трансформация; антропология.
В статье представлены концептуальные основы понимания сущностно-импровизационного измерения человеческой рациональности. Исследование направлено на то, чтобы прояснить, как нам следует думать о важных концепциях, относящихся к центральным аспектам человеческой практики, а именно о концепциях импровизации, нормативности, привычки и свободы. Для того чтобы понять, в каком смысле человеческие практики по своей сути импровизационны, в первую очередь необходимо подвергнуть критике неверные представления об импровизации как о недостаточной подготовке и creatio ex nihilo (с лат: творение из ничего). Во-вторых, необходимо решить теоретические проблемы, возникающие из-за неправильного понимания понятий нормативности, привычки и свободы – неправильного понимания, вращающегося вокруг идеи о том, что рациональность – это форма, которая развивается из самой себя и, таким образом, работает подобно алгоритмы. Можно понять нормативность, привычку и свободу, только если понять, что все они связаны с конфликтными отношениями с миром и с другими, что, в свою очередь, позволяет адекватно учитывать их конститутивную связь с правильно понятой импровизацией. Обрисовывая эти концептуальные связи, мы хотим подготовить основания для объяснения рациональных практик как импровизационных практик. Статья завершается утверждением, что человеческая разумная жизнь импровизирована, поскольку условия человеческой практики возникают из самой практики.
Литература:
Alperson, Philip. "On Musical Improvisation." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 43 (1984), 17-29.10.1111/1540_6245.jaac43.1.0017
Alterhaug, Bj?rn. "Improvisation as Phenomenon and Tool for Communication, Interactive Action and Learning." In Improvisation Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 103-33. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Arendt, Hannah. "Understanding and Politics." Partisan Review 20 (1953), 377-92.
Arendt, Hannah. The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1958.
Arendt, Hannah. Between Past and Future: Six Exercises in Political Thought. New York: The Viking Press, 1961.
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. New York: Penguin, 1976.
Bailey, Derek. Improvisation: Its Nature and Practice in Music. London: British Library; New York: Da Capo Press, 1993.
Berkowitz, Aaron. The Improvising Mind: Cognition and Creativity in the Musical Moment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199590957.001.0001
Berlin, Isaiah. "Two Concepts of Liberty." In Four Essays on Liberty, 118-72. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969 [1958].
Berliner, Paul F. Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "Performing the Unexpected." Daimon 57 (2012), 61-79.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. Eseguire l'inatteso. Ontologia della musica e improvvisazione. Rome: il Glifo, 2016a.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "'Do Not Fear Mistakes?-?There Are None': The Mistake as Surprising Experience of Creativity in Jazz." In Education as Jazz: Interdisciplinary Sketches on a New Metaphor, edided by M. Santi and E. Zorzi, 85-100. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016b.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "The Birth of Art from the Spirit of Improvisation." Quadranti, 6:1 (2018), 119-47.
Bertram, Georg. "Kreativitat und Normativitat." In Kreativitat, edited by G. Abel, vol. 1: 273-83. Berlin: Universitatsverlag der TU Berlin, 2005.
Bertram, Georg. "Improvisation und Normativitat." In Improvisieren, edited by G. Brandstetter et al., 21-40. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2010.10.1515/9783839412749-002
Bertram, Georg. Art as Human Practice: An Aesthetics. Transl. by Nathan Ross. London: Bloomsbury, 2019.10.5040/9781350063174
Bertram, Georg. "Two Conceptions of Second Nature." Open Philosophy 3 (2020), 68-80. 10.1515/opphil-2020-0005.
Bertram, Georg and Celikates, Robin. "Towards a Conflict Theory of Recognition: On the Constitution of Relations of Recognition in Conflict." European Journal of Philosophy 23 (2015), 838-61.10.1111/ejop.12016
Beuys, Joseph. "Every Man an Artist: Talks at Documenta 5." In Joseph Beuys: The Reader, edited by C. Mesch and V. Michely. New York: IB Tauris, 2007.
Borgo, David. Sync or Swarm: Improvising Music in a Complex Age. New York: Continuum, 2005.
Bourdieu, Pierre. The Logic of Practice. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1990.10.1515/9781503621749
Brandom, Robert. "Freedom and Constraint by Norms." American Philosophical Quarterly 16 (1979), 187-96.
Brandom, Robert. "Some Pragmatist Themes in Hegel's Idealism: Negotiation and Administration in Hegel's Account of the Structure and Content of Conceptual Norms." European Journal of Philosophy 7 (1999), 164-89.10.1111/1468-0378.00079
Brown, Lee B. "Musical Works, Improvisation, and the Principle of Continuity." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 54 (1996), 353-69.10.1111/1540_6245.jaac54.4.0353
Brown, Lee B. "'Feeling My Way': Jazz Improvisation and its Vicissitudes – A Plea for Imperfection." The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 58 (2000), 113-23.
Canonne, Clement and Garnier, Nicolas B. "Cognition and Segmentation in Collective Free Improvisation: An Exploratory Study." In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition and 8th Triennal Conference of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music, 197-204, 2012.
Caporaletti, Vincenzo. I processi improvvisativi nella musica: un approccio globale. Lucca: LIM, 2005.
Cavell, Stanley. "Knowing and Acknowledging." In Must We Mean What We Say? A Book of Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976 [1969].
Cavell, Stanley. The Claim of Reason. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.
Certeau, Michel de. L'invention di quotidien. 1. Arts de faire. Paris: Gallimard, 1990.
Coursil, Jacques. "Hidden Principles of Improvisation." Sign Systems Studies 43 (2015), 226-34.10.12697/SSS.2015.43.2-3.05
Dalton, Benjamin. "Creativity, Habit, and the Social Products of Creative Action: Revising Joas, Incorporating Bourdieu." Sociological Theory 22 (2004), 603-22.10.1111/j.0735-2751.2004.00236.x
Derrida, Jacques. "Force of Law: The 'Mystical Foundation of Authority.'" In Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice, edited by D. Cornell et al., 3-67. London/New York: Routledge, 1992.
Doidge, Norman. The Brain that Changes Itself. New York: Penguin, 2007.
Dreyfus, Hubert L. "Intelligence without Representation – Merleau-Ponty's Critique of Mental Representation." Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 1 (2002), 367-83.10.1023/A:1021351606209
Dreyfus, Hubert L. and Dreyfus, Stuart. Mind over Machine. New York: The Free Press, 1986.
Feige, Daniel. Philosophie des Jazz. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2014.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish. New York: Vintage, 1977.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. Transl. revised by J. Weinsheimer and D. G. Marshall. London/New York: Continuum, 1960.
Gehlen, Arnold. Man, His Nature and Place in the World. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.
Gibson, James J. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979.
Goehr, Lydia. "Improvising Impromptu, Or, What to Do with a Broken String." In The Oxford Handbook of Critical Improvisation Studies, Volume 1, edited by G. E. Lewis and B. Piekut, 458-80. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
Goffman, Erving. The Presentation of the Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books, 1959.
Guala, Francesco. Understanding Institutions. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016.
Hamilton, Andrew. "Jazz as Classical Music." In Improvisation: Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 53-75. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Hegel, Georg W. F. Phenomenology of Spirit. Transl. by A. V. Miller. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Honneth, Axel. Das Recht der Freiheit. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2011.
Jankelevitch, Vladimir. La rhapsodie. Verve et improvisation musicale. Paris: Flammarion, 1955.
Kant, Immanuel. Critique of the Power of Judgement. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Khurana, Thomas. Das Leben der Freiheit. Form und Wirklichkeit der Autonomie. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2017.
Kiesewetter, Benjamin. The Normativity of Rationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.10.1093/oso/9780198754282.001.0001
Korsgaard, Christine M. The Sources of Normativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.10.1017/CBO9780511554476
Luhmann, Niklas. Social Systems. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
Magri, Elisa. "The Place of Habit in Hegel's Psychology." In Hegel's Philosophical Psychology, ed. S. Herrmann-Sinai and L. Ziglioli, 74-90. London/New York: Routledge, 2016.
Malabou, Catherine. The Future of Hegel: Plasticity, Temporality and Dialectic. London: Routledge, 2005.
Malabou, Catherine. "Addiction and Grace: Preface to Felix Ravaisson's Of Habit." In Felix Ravaisson, Of Habit, Transl. by C. Carlisle and M. Sinclair, vii-xx. London: Continuum, 2008.
Massecar, Aaron. Ethical Habits: A Peircean Perspective. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2016.
Maturana, Humberto R. and Varela, Francisco J. Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1980.10.1007/978-94-009-8947-4
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. Phenomenology of Perception. London: Routledge, 1962.
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. The Structure of Behavior. London: Methuen, 1965.
Monson, Ingrid. Saying Something: Jazz Improvisation and Interaction. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Nachmanovitch, Stephen. Free Play: Improvisation in Life and Art. New York: Penguin, 1990.
Nettl, Bruno. "Thoughts on Improvisation: A Comparative Approach." The Musical Quarterly 60 (1974), 1-19.10.1093/mq/LX.1.1
Peirce, Charles S. Collected Papers. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931.
Peters, Gary. Improvising Improvisation: From out of Philosophy, Music, Dance, and Literature. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2017.10.7208/chicago/9780226452760.001.0001
Pinkard, Terry. German Philosophy 1760-1860: The Legacy of Idealism. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.10.1017/CBO9780511801846
Pippin, Robert B. "Hegel's Practical Philosophy: The Realization of Freedom." In The Cambridge Companion to German Idealism, edited by K. Ameriks, 180-99. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.10.1017/CCOL0521651786.010
Pressing, Jeff. "Cognitive Processes in Improvisation." In Cognitive Processes in the Perception of Art, edited by W. R. Crozier and A. J. Chapman, 45-63. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1984.10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62358-4
Pressing, Jeff. "Psychological Constraints on Improvisational Expertise and Skill." In In the Course of Performance, edited by B. Nettl and M. Russell, 47-67. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Preston, Beth. A Philosophy of Material Culture. London: Routledge, 2013.10.4324/9780203069844
Ramshaw, Sara. Justice as Improvisation. London: Routledge, 2013.10.4324/9780203073285
Ravaisson, Felix. Of Habit. London: Continuum, 2008.
Recanati, Fran?ois. Literal Meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.10.1017/CBO9780511615382
Rousselot, Mathias. Etude sur l'improvisation musicale. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2012.
Ryle, Gilbert. The Concept of Mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1949.
Sawyer, R. Keith. Creating Conversations: Improvisation in Everyday Discourse. New Jersey: Hampton Press, 2001.
Sawyer, R. Keith. Group Creativity: Music, Theater, Collaboration. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2003.
Sawyer, R. Keith. "Improvisational Creativity as a Model for Effective Learning." In Improvisation: Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 135-51. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Schiaffini, Giancarlo. "Never Improvise Improvisation." Contemporary Music Review 25 (2006), 575-6.10.1080/07494460600990711
Searle, John R. Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.10.1017/CBO9781139173438
Sellars, Wilfrid. In the Space of Reasons: Selected Essays of Wilfrid Sellars. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Sparrow, Tom and Hutchinson, Adam, eds. A History of Habits: From Aristotle to Bourdieu. Lexington: Lanham, 2013.
Taruskin, Richard. Text and Act: Essays on Music and Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Thomson, Judith J. Normativity. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2008.
Tomkins, Calvin. Marcel Duchamp: The Afternoon Interview. New York: Nandlands Unlimited, 2013.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1958 [1953].
Wright, Georg H. von. Norm and Action: A Logical Inquiry. London: Routledge & Kegan, 1963.
Young, James O. and Matheson, Carl. "The Metaphysics of Jazz." The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 58:2 (2000), 125-33.10.1111/1540-6245.jaac58.2.0125
Alperson, Philip. "On Musical Improvisation." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 43 (1984), 17-29.10.1111/1540_6245.jaac43.1.0017
Alterhaug, Bj?rn. "Improvisation as Phenomenon and Tool for Communication, Interactive Action and Learning." In Improvisation Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 103-33. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Arendt, Hannah. "Understanding and Politics." Partisan Review 20 (1953), 377-92.
Arendt, Hannah. The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1958.
Arendt, Hannah. Between Past and Future: Six Exercises in Political Thought. New York: The Viking Press, 1961.
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. New York: Penguin, 1976.
Bailey, Derek. Improvisation: Its Nature and Practice in Music. London: British Library; New York: Da Capo Press, 1993.
Berkowitz, Aaron. The Improvising Mind: Cognition and Creativity in the Musical Moment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199590957.001.0001
Berlin, Isaiah. "Two Concepts of Liberty." In Four Essays on Liberty, 118-72. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969 [1958].
Berliner, Paul F. Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "Performing the Unexpected." Daimon 57 (2012), 61-79.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. Eseguire l'inatteso. Ontologia della musica e improvvisazione. Rome: il Glifo, 2016a.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "'Do Not Fear Mistakes?-?There Are None': The Mistake as Surprising Experience of Creativity in Jazz." In Education as Jazz: Interdisciplinary Sketches on a New Metaphor, edided by M. Santi and E. Zorzi, 85-100. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016b.
Bertinetto, Alessandro. "The Birth of Art from the Spirit of Improvisation." Quadranti, 6:1 (2018), 119-47.
Bertram, Georg. "Kreativitat und Normativitat." In Kreativitat, edited by G. Abel, vol. 1: 273-83. Berlin: Universitatsverlag der TU Berlin, 2005.
Bertram, Georg. "Improvisation und Normativitat." In Improvisieren, edited by G. Brandstetter et al., 21-40. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2010.10.1515/9783839412749-002
Bertram, Georg. Art as Human Practice: An Aesthetics. Transl. by Nathan Ross. London: Bloomsbury, 2019.10.5040/9781350063174
Bertram, Georg. "Two Conceptions of Second Nature." Open Philosophy 3 (2020), 68-80. 10.1515/opphil-2020-0005.
Bertram, Georg and Celikates, Robin. "Towards a Conflict Theory of Recognition: On the Constitution of Relations of Recognition in Conflict." European Journal of Philosophy 23 (2015), 838-61.10.1111/ejop.12016
Beuys, Joseph. "Every Man an Artist: Talks at Documenta 5." In Joseph Beuys: The Reader, edited by C. Mesch and V. Michely. New York: IB Tauris, 2007.
Borgo, David. Sync or Swarm: Improvising Music in a Complex Age. New York: Continuum, 2005.
Bourdieu, Pierre. The Logic of Practice. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1990.10.1515/9781503621749
Brandom, Robert. "Freedom and Constraint by Norms." American Philosophical Quarterly 16 (1979), 187-96.
Brandom, Robert. "Some Pragmatist Themes in Hegel's Idealism: Negotiation and Administration in Hegel's Account of the Structure and Content of Conceptual Norms." European Journal of Philosophy 7 (1999), 164-89.10.1111/1468-0378.00079
Brown, Lee B. "Musical Works, Improvisation, and the Principle of Continuity." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 54 (1996), 353-69.10.1111/1540_6245.jaac54.4.0353
Brown, Lee B. "'Feeling My Way': Jazz Improvisation and its Vicissitudes – A Plea for Imperfection." The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 58 (2000), 113-23.
Canonne, Clement and Garnier, Nicolas B. "Cognition and Segmentation in Collective Free Improvisation: An Exploratory Study." In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition and 8th Triennal Conference of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music, 197-204, 2012.
Caporaletti, Vincenzo. I processi improvvisativi nella musica: un approccio globale. Lucca: LIM, 2005.
Cavell, Stanley. "Knowing and Acknowledging." In Must We Mean What We Say? A Book of Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976 [1969].
Cavell, Stanley. The Claim of Reason. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.
Certeau, Michel de. L'invention di quotidien. 1. Arts de faire. Paris: Gallimard, 1990.
Coursil, Jacques. "Hidden Principles of Improvisation." Sign Systems Studies 43 (2015), 226-34.10.12697/SSS.2015.43.2-3.05
Dalton, Benjamin. "Creativity, Habit, and the Social Products of Creative Action: Revising Joas, Incorporating Bourdieu." Sociological Theory 22 (2004), 603-22.10.1111/j.0735-2751.2004.00236.x
Derrida, Jacques. "Force of Law: The 'Mystical Foundation of Authority.'" In Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice, edited by D. Cornell et al., 3-67. London/New York: Routledge, 1992.
Doidge, Norman. The Brain that Changes Itself. New York: Penguin, 2007.
Dreyfus, Hubert L. "Intelligence without Representation – Merleau-Ponty's Critique of Mental Representation." Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 1 (2002), 367-83.10.1023/A:1021351606209
Dreyfus, Hubert L. and Dreyfus, Stuart. Mind over Machine. New York: The Free Press, 1986.
Feige, Daniel. Philosophie des Jazz. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2014.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish. New York: Vintage, 1977.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. Transl. revised by J. Weinsheimer and D. G. Marshall. London/New York: Continuum, 1960.
Gehlen, Arnold. Man, His Nature and Place in the World. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.
Gibson, James J. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979.
Goehr, Lydia. "Improvising Impromptu, Or, What to Do with a Broken String." In The Oxford Handbook of Critical Improvisation Studies, Volume 1, edited by G. E. Lewis and B. Piekut, 458-80. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
Goffman, Erving. The Presentation of the Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books, 1959.
Guala, Francesco. Understanding Institutions. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016.
Hamilton, Andrew. "Jazz as Classical Music." In Improvisation: Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 53-75. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Hegel, Georg W. F. Phenomenology of Spirit. Transl. by A. V. Miller. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Honneth, Axel. Das Recht der Freiheit. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2011.
Jankelevitch, Vladimir. La rhapsodie. Verve et improvisation musicale. Paris: Flammarion, 1955.
Kant, Immanuel. Critique of the Power of Judgement. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Khurana, Thomas. Das Leben der Freiheit. Form und Wirklichkeit der Autonomie. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2017.
Kiesewetter, Benjamin. The Normativity of Rationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.10.1093/oso/9780198754282.001.0001
Korsgaard, Christine M. The Sources of Normativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.10.1017/CBO9780511554476
Luhmann, Niklas. Social Systems. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
Magri, Elisa. "The Place of Habit in Hegel's Psychology." In Hegel's Philosophical Psychology, ed. S. Herrmann-Sinai and L. Ziglioli, 74-90. London/New York: Routledge, 2016.
Malabou, Catherine. The Future of Hegel: Plasticity, Temporality and Dialectic. London: Routledge, 2005.
Malabou, Catherine. "Addiction and Grace: Preface to Felix Ravaisson's Of Habit." In Felix Ravaisson, Of Habit, Transl. by C. Carlisle and M. Sinclair, vii-xx. London: Continuum, 2008.
Massecar, Aaron. Ethical Habits: A Peircean Perspective. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2016.
Maturana, Humberto R. and Varela, Francisco J. Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1980.10.1007/978-94-009-8947-4
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. Phenomenology of Perception. London: Routledge, 1962.
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. The Structure of Behavior. London: Methuen, 1965.
Monson, Ingrid. Saying Something: Jazz Improvisation and Interaction. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Nachmanovitch, Stephen. Free Play: Improvisation in Life and Art. New York: Penguin, 1990.
Nettl, Bruno. "Thoughts on Improvisation: A Comparative Approach." The Musical Quarterly 60 (1974), 1-19.10.1093/mq/LX.1.1
Peirce, Charles S. Collected Papers. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931.
Peters, Gary. Improvising Improvisation: From out of Philosophy, Music, Dance, and Literature. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2017.10.7208/chicago/9780226452760.001.0001
Pinkard, Terry. German Philosophy 1760-1860: The Legacy of Idealism. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.10.1017/CBO9780511801846
Pippin, Robert B. "Hegel's Practical Philosophy: The Realization of Freedom." In The Cambridge Companion to German Idealism, edited by K. Ameriks, 180-99. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.10.1017/CCOL0521651786.010
Pressing, Jeff. "Cognitive Processes in Improvisation." In Cognitive Processes in the Perception of Art, edited by W. R. Crozier and A. J. Chapman, 45-63. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1984.10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62358-4
Pressing, Jeff. "Psychological Constraints on Improvisational Expertise and Skill." In In the Course of Performance, edited by B. Nettl and M. Russell, 47-67. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Preston, Beth. A Philosophy of Material Culture. London: Routledge, 2013.10.4324/9780203069844
Ramshaw, Sara. Justice as Improvisation. London: Routledge, 2013.10.4324/9780203073285
Ravaisson, Felix. Of Habit. London: Continuum, 2008.
Recanati, Fran?ois. Literal Meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.10.1017/CBO9780511615382
Rousselot, Mathias. Etude sur l'improvisation musicale. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2012.
Ryle, Gilbert. The Concept of Mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1949.
Sawyer, R. Keith. Creating Conversations: Improvisation in Everyday Discourse. New Jersey: Hampton Press, 2001.
Sawyer, R. Keith. Group Creativity: Music, Theater, Collaboration. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2003.
Sawyer, R. Keith. "Improvisational Creativity as a Model for Effective Learning." In Improvisation: Between Technique and Spontaneity, edited by M. Santi, 135-51. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar Publishing, 2010.
Schiaffini, Giancarlo. "Never Improvise Improvisation." Contemporary Music Review 25 (2006), 575-6.10.1080/07494460600990711
Searle, John R. Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.10.1017/CBO9781139173438
Sellars, Wilfrid. In the Space of Reasons: Selected Essays of Wilfrid Sellars. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Sparrow, Tom and Hutchinson, Adam, eds. A History of Habits: From Aristotle to Bourdieu. Lexington: Lanham, 2013.
Taruskin, Richard. Text and Act: Essays on Music and Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Thomson, Judith J. Normativity. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2008.
Tomkins, Calvin. Marcel Duchamp: The Afternoon Interview. New York: Nandlands Unlimited, 2013.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1958 [1953].
Wright, Georg H. von. Norm and Action: A Logical Inquiry. London: Routledge & Kegan, 1963.
Young, James O. and Matheson, Carl. "The Metaphysics of Jazz." The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 58:2 (2000), 125-33.10.1111/1540-6245.jaac58.2.0125
We make up the rules as we go along: Improvisation as an essential aspect of human practices
Keywords: improvisation; rationality; normativity; habit; freedom; algorithm; unexpected; plasticity; transformation; anthropology.
The article presents the conceptual groundwork for an understanding of the essentially improvisational dimension of human rationality. It aims to clarify how we should think about important concepts pertinent to central aspects of human practices, namely, the concepts of improvisation, normativity, habit, and freedom. In order to understand the sense in which human practices are essentially improvisational, it is first necessary to criticize misconceptions about improvisation as lack of preparation and creatio ex nihilo. Second, it is necessary to solve the theoretical problems that derive from misunderstandings concerning the notions of normativity, habit, and freedom – misunderstandings that revolve around the idea that rationality is a form that is developed out of itself and thus works in a way similar to algorithms. One can only make sense of normativity, habit, and freedom if one understands that they all involve conflictual relationships with the world and with others, which in turn enables one to adequately take into account their constitutive connection to improvisation, properly understood. In outlining these conceptual connections, we want to prepare the foundations for an explanation of rational practices as improvisational practices. The article concludes by stating that human rational life is improvisatory because the conditions of human practice arise out of practice itself.
Bertinetto A., Bertram G.W. We Make Up the Rules as We Go Along: Improvisation as an Essential Aspect of Human Practices // Open Philosophy, vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, pp. 202-221.
Bertinetto A., Bertram G.W. We Make Up the Rules as We Go Along: Improvisation as an Essential Aspect of Human Practices // Open Philosophy, vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, pp. 202-221.